[29], Approximately 8.0million tickets were proposed to be available for the Olympics, and 1.5million tickets for the Paralympics. Public transport, an aspect of the bid which scored poorly in the IOC's initial evaluation,[26] was planned to see numerous improvements, including the expansion of the London Underground's East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line, and the temporary "Olympic Javelin" service. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. At the time of the bid, 60% of the venues and facilities were in place. 560 million for new venues, including 250 million for the Olympic Stadium. Urban areas experience huge amounts of pollution, e.g. Boat tours take around 45 minutes and are weather dependent. 1978: Eleven die in sleeper train inferno. A regeneration project run by the Merseyside Development Corporation from the 1980s onwards has allowed the area to transform into a hub for investment, tourism and commercial activity. The Olympics brought more than 9bn of investment to east London, much of which went into transport. Stratford then experienced a massive decline. [6], http://crln.acrl.org/content/75/1/24.full, http://www.bbc.com/sport/olympics/23434844, https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/02/140221-olympics-sochi-rio-de-janeiro-london-boris-johnson-montreal-athens-world/, https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/02/03/270950685/did-london-get-an-economic-boost-from-the-2012-olympics. 2. During the construction of the Olympics, there were very few jobs for local people. The creation of containerised cargo and other technological changes. Regeneration can solve help the urban problems such as taking derelict, polluted, brown-field places to be restored and used for new purposes. Around 10 billion. The LOCOG planned out the uses of important stadiums and transportation systems after the games, as well as the social factors of the 2012 legacy. The need for compulsory purchase orders was also highlighted as a possible problem for the Olympic Park, but IOC did not expect this to cause any "undue delay to construction schedules".[8]. Perhaps most important, is to include the locals in these regeneration projects. It was changed to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. They helped secure a better vote for this category. Fig. Negatives: The Olympic stadium is estimated to have cost 701 million pounds, almost 3 times the original estimate While many of the planned legacies were met, there were some disadvantages along the way. This would include a nursery and primary and secondary schools. The area became more affluent, and therefore housing is still unaffordable for the poor(er) people in the community. Why was Stratford chosen for the 2012 Olympics? For many years, it was one of the most deprived communities in the UK before it was revamped for the 2012 Olympic Games. The construction took years, disrupting local communities. 4m of Grade 'A' office space. The initial estimate of GBP2.2bn was totally wrong and the games eventually cost around GBP10bn! This happens for many reasons. 560million from IOC television and marketing deals. There are many areas that have been regenerated, the Tower Hamlets have had the most projects, whilst other areas such as Islington, Lambeth, Hackney and Southwark have also had many regeneration projects. There were also to be many upgrades to National Rail services with the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, a new high-speed rail link, several new stations and upgrades to stations such as King's Cross St Pancras. For comparison, the 2004 games in Athens cost around 7billion (US$13.5billion) and estimates for the 2008 games in Beijing run between 10billion and 20billion (US$19billion and US$39billion). However, all the changes led to Stratford becoming a more affluent place, meaning that it is still not really affordable for poor(er) people. The aquatics centre and its 50m pool can now be used by the community, schools and athletes alike. The Olympic Zone encompasses all of the facilities within the 500-acre (2km) Olympic Park in Stratford. Some of the support can be attributed to the city's "Back the Bid" campaign, which included the slogan on posters that were hung around London in the months leading up to the decision to award the 2012 Games to London. In order to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012, new venues needed to be built. In order to win the bid for the Olympic Games, a lot of attention was paid to the aftermath of the games. [1] On 6 July 2005 at its 117th Session in Singapore, the IOC awarded London the right to host the Games of the XXX Olympiad. In order to create the site, 450 Housing Association flats, which is where the poorer people lived, were torn down. On 17 June 2005, British Prime Minister Tony Blair reiterated the Government's total commitment to London's bid for the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. Additionally there were concerns that unions, including the RMT, would strike near or during the proceedings for bonuses and that construction deadlines would not be met. 2012 was about the Olympic Games and also about the Paralympic Games. The official London 2012 education programme Get Set operated over a four-year period across the UK providing flexible teaching resources for over 25,000 schools and 6.5 million young people to assist them in learning more about the London 2012 Games, the Olympic and Paralympic values and global citizenship. In addition, several of the indoor arenas would be assembled elsewhere in the UK. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. People who could afford it moved away, leaving behind the poor(er) people of the communities. [3]. As a result in the 1980s there was a regeneration project to help the docklands area. Examples are ponds, woodlands, and artificial otter holes. This land would be cleaned up and improved before construction. There are a lot of green spaces, from the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park to the Hackney Marshes. Local business some extant in this area for over 100years were questioning the package of measures in place to allow them to find new sites when the new Olympic village displaced them. It is now called the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Buildings that were not getting a new life on-site were temporary ones, and they were relocated elsewhere after the games. 1952: London's trams trundle into history. Have all your study materials in one place. The area became more affluent, and therefore housing is still unaffordable for the poor(er) people in the community. However, all the changes led to Stratford becoming a more affluent place, meaning that it is still not really affordable for poor(er) people. Other cities have fared less well with the legacy of such complex and expensive events. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. London has proposed Games based on providing world-class facilities and services for the athletes, and a legacy for sport and the community. noise and environmental. Some of the new facilities would be reused in their Olympic form, while others would be reduced in size and several would be relocated elsewhere in the UK. Accessed 17 January 2018. Construction of all of the buildings mentioned above created 1,500 jobs, with at least 30% of that workforce being local residents. Stratford is now the 2nd most connected part of London, after King's Cross. Following the success of the bid, the London Organising Committee for the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) was established to oversee the ongoing development of the games. Factoring in pre-Games construction and other early Games-related economic activity, an Oxford Economics study commissioned by the Lloyds banking group estimates that the Games will generate GBP 16.5 billion for the British economy from 2005 to 2017. When a plan was formed to create a new urban quarter around Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, in Stratford, we were at the heart of the ambition to make it a leading destination to live, work, learn, and connect. Fig. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. Stratford's deindustrialisation, along with the closure of the Royal Docks, had a massive impact. The site chosen covered parts of Stratford, Bow, Leyton and Hackney Wick in East London (figure 3). Many disability organisations including the Autism Awareness Campaign UK urged all people with disabilities to back the London 2012 bid. (A TOK-able moment), The costs and benefits of hosting the Games, Case study: London Olympics 2012: Learning activities, https://d2rpq8wtqka5kg.cloudfront.net/129049/open20120701120000.pdf?Expires=1511793842&Signature=R043y307dmxOAQKbZckf67uuGsQhQUZ3~Fuml0zdCMn0Y2ZjYobP36CAdEROzjj4QvHUN0aFZKha~v7h8RAt1XLxQKkIZGyf6Z5h3N~U01FZv~N5u4gIXs~z43IkDQMr~1ShM9I4Px7hWR6~yG7TRi57jLt8x3Ti~2HiHGZYAiDpXP68St7EadjRxLr6HDZRtf-mOBRGCSKCxx7S-bhDyZWlDqR8kP4jayZQr7UtYoN-qSbdz6SqNBd3AIrQNhaCLp51mWZkSFex8XdXJblqSZDlAgdPYHvGLyD6wsZLSZAmvUE9MDQ4ol~SOhQ9qI9-zggFSUgaagHj1mPDR9Ak9A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJVGCNMR6FQV6VYIA, About (including cookies and data privacy issues), New article: urban deprivation in Nairobi, Youth engagement in sport was one of the pillars of Londons bit, Sustainability and legacy were pillars of Londons bid, Regeneration was emphasised as part of the bid: the IOC was shown photos of the derelict former industrial areas, The UK government had decided to focus its Olympic bids on London after failing to win the Games in 1992, 1996 and 2000 with bids from Birmingham and Manchester (two other major UK cities), Gender and age issues: most of those who spoke in the Paris presentation were male and middle aged; the London presentation included children and represented a multicultural London. The conversion of the Olympic Village Polyclinic into a lifelong learning centre for the East London Community. Summary - London - opportunities & challenges geography gcse. Many jobs were lost, the economy was shattered, the area became derelict and the land was heavily contaminated. Stratford lacked proper infrastructure, and the environmental quality was poor. Outside of London the success was not universally welcomed, with fears that the event would divert funding from the rest of the country and that the rest of the United Kingdom would be forced to help fund it, for no benefit. A new youth sport strategy for the UK invested GBP1bn in youth sport over the five years following the Games and created 6,000 new community sports clubs. Each apartment was billed to include Internet access and wireless networking and other state-of-the-art technology.[25]. For construction, much of the wildlife already there had to be relocated. The London Olympics have brought many positive things to Stratford, although there have also been some negatives. Furthermore, corn from the mills was readily accessible, so Stratford became known for bread baking and potato production. Industrialisation started slowly in Stratford, but the Metropolitan Building Act, the arrival of the railway, and the creation of the nearby Royal Docks saw a massive acceleration in industrialisation. The main aim is that we reduce the Negative Impacts of Regeneration. Some of the reasons Stratford is a good place to live are: The Industrial Revolution made Stratford a key player, but that status was lost with deindustrialisation. There were advantages and disadvantages to this regeneration. Humble Beginnings Pre-Olympics, Stratford was viewed as being too far east to be considered a viable home for most businesses who operated from Central London. this increased developments of property, services and business zones . Suburbanisation is the process of a large proportion of people relocating from town centres into the outskirts (suburbs). When and where was Croyde first mentioned under the names Crideholde/Chrideholda? The Olympic games had a relatively positive impact on the area, with new houses, shops, and schools. "I didn . Each athlete and official is guaranteed their own bed over 17,000beds in total. The festival is called GoldCoast OceanFest and it is held the weekend closest to the summer solstice. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Regeneration case studies help us to understand the different approaches to regeneration and see what impacts they have on the population and environment. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. 2012 London Olympics to regenerate one of the poorest areas of the capital http://www.citymayors.com/sport/2012-olympics-london.html Accessed 17 January 2018. Air quality in London at proposed Games-time is generally satisfactory. Believed to be the biggest collection of discarded white goods in Europe, the pile. Nearby Saunton Sands, Braunton Burrows and Baggy Point were used by American soldiers to practise for the D-day landings. As of the time of the bid, projections for the cost of the 2012 Olympics were low. Some alterations were made after the bid was accepted, including the decision by the IOC to eliminate some sporting events,[6] and a new layout for the Olympic Zone, both resulting in some relatively minor changes to the Olympic venues. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. 2000: Prime Minister's son arrested for drunkenness. It lies in an Area of Outstanding National Beauty (AONB) and it faces the Atlantic Ocean. It will feature a 5,000 seat arena and a training pitch.[39]. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. Deindustrialisation is a process of social and economic change that happens when industrial capacity is either reduced or entirely removed from a region. [22], The committee outlined plans to donate the sports equipment used in the Games to sports clubs and charities in the United Kingdom. Grade 9 - GSCEs 2019 Stratford Regeneration project (Olympics) - Paper 2 - Why Stratford was chosen - Why it needed regeneration - Advantages & Disadvantages of the regeneration 100% Money Back Guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached [32] Olympic tickets go on sale on 15 March 2011[33] and should remain on sale until the start of the event, depending on availability. Sustainable and biodiverse vegetation that is suited for an urban environment was used. Deindustrialisation and the closure of the Royal Docks. These docks proved to be a commercial success, and they became the principal docks in London in the first half of the 20th century. Over the total period of the Olympics, some sources suggest the city brought in around US$3.5 billion in revenues, and spent in excess US$18 billion a negative balance of $14 billion plus (Zimbalist, 2015). 7km from the city of London Underdeveloped area (see Table 1, Photos 5 and 6). This is because there is a pattern of town centres undergoing periods of economic decline, resulting in the urban challenges mentioned above. Its multicultural population meant that all countries would be well supported at the games. Stratford was home to the athletes' Olympic Village and several key sporting venues: the London Stadium, London Aquatics Centre and the Lee Valley VeloPark.The ArcelorMittal Orbit was constructed to overlook the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, an observation tower and Britain's largest piece of public art. Another urban area that will potentially undergo regeneration in the near future is Croyde and the remainder of North Devon. The following factors were partly responsible for the success of the bid: A further issue was the very local focus of Londons bid. Answer . As part of the A Level course, it is important not only to understand what regeneration is and the impacts that it has, but also to put this into context. The Stadium should become the hub of east London activities when the games end. The average ticket price was set to be 40 (US$77)[32] and 75% of all tickets would cost less than 50 (US$97),[35] prices that Magliano says are reasonably accessible to almost everyone in Britain. Ten railway lines and 30 new bridges continue to connect London communities after the Games. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Built in 1977, near where the Olympic velodrome now stands, it was an experiment in creating close-knit communities to help vulnerable single people in east London. Economic - due to improved infrastructure, it has better connections to the rest of London. This success created many (new) jobs. Explaining why so many radicals were drawn to the distant county, Issa says: "Essentially the region . London competed with other cities to host the 2012 Olympics. Also in the Cabinet would be an Olympic Security Committee to co-ordinate security planning. It will be extended further northwards, with the legacy road cycling circuit straddling the A12 and extending into the old Eton Manor site, where the mountain biking area will be located. Why was Stratford regenerated? The focus on sustainability across regeneration projects has increased as awareness of environmental issues, such as climate change, has increased. Many Londoners challenged the high cost of the Olympics and the 20 per year council tax rise to fund it as well as the possibility of white elephant sites like the Millennium Dome being left. It is now called the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. Will there be another Mario and sonic game? One of the major causes of push factors in town centres has been deindustrialisation. Relive the Olympic and Paralympic Games through the eyes of the athletes. Independent experts said Games preparations were a major factor behind a 1.2 percent reduction in Londons unemployment rate in early 2012. Remember to attempt a counter-argument and rebuttal, and that this is a formal letter so you should be using formal business language. Take a walking tour of Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park to find out how the space has been transformed since the 2012 Games. Works at Stratford, with workers. Stratford ultimately went from being a deprived community to a more affluent place to live. [4] The games were won without a commitment to deliver Crossrail by 2012. An important aspect of the legacy was what to do with the buildings and venues after the games. Since there is no need to commute to cities and towns, people choose more aesthetically pleasing places to live. The UK won, and the planned legacies were put into action. What is the best time to visit Croyde and why? 62.88 25.49 13 items. Explain what the legacy for the sports venues was? Other legacy items would include the conversion of the Olympic Village Polyclinic into a lifelong learning centre for the east London community with a nursery and primary and secondary schools, and the conversion of the media and press centre into a creative industries centre for east London. In 2006 Most of land needed for games under public control and relocation sites agreed for those who have to move. 2016. Stratford became one of the most deprived communities in the UK, with low-income families and high unemployment. Everything you need for your studies in one place. Urban regeneration is when an urban area, such as a town or a city, is transformed by . this has transformed the urban landscape of Stratford over the past 20 years with many high-rise glass-fronted apartment buildings. These projects took different forms, had different stakeholders and operated over different durations. It should be remembered that London is already the worlds second most globalised city (Dessibourg, Hales, and Mendoza Pea, 2017) and has been in that position since the index began in 2008. For example, the Host Borough of Newham had 4,364 residents employed by LOCOG or by their contractors and a further 5,518 employed indirectly on the Games in the lead-up and at Games time. The project cost 5.3billion (A$13.2billion)[23] and was constructed in two phases. Stratford lacked proper infrastructure, and the environmental quality was poor. Lots of great places to eat, drink, relax, and shop, Stratford is one of the best-connected areas of London. Different approaches are taken for different areas, whether the aim is a regeneration project or the economic support for the project. Being situated so close to London was beneficial as it provided a ready market for its produce. In addition, the government proposed to create the Olympic Delivery Authority, which would oversee the construction of venues and see that the games are lived out past 2012.[27]. [21] Because the Olympic Village is located within the Olympic Park, about 75 percent of athletes would be within 15minutes of their venues; this compact design, according to double Olympic decathlon gold medallist Daley Thompson, would "make [the experience] so much more inspirating [sic] and real". A Tracey Manning, working men's caf, East End Centre, 2006 Tracey provided breakfast to the local workers beginning at 4 a.m every day for 13 years. The UK won the bid over Paris, New York City, Moscow and Madrid. Socially there were many benefits (see below) but these were not always long-lived, and participation in sport has now returned to pre-2012 levels. The Salford Quays Development Plan was proposed. Currently, about 40% of the 2,818 houses will be affordable. The death blow to the docks was the creation of containerised cargo and other technological changes. This closure led to massive unemployment and social problems across East London, and Stratford was no exception. Why was Stratford chosen for the Olympics? When the Metropolitan Building Act restricted dangerous and toxic industries from operating in the metropolitan area, many businesses relocated to the river banks. This meant that about 560 acres of land had been cleaned in order to build it. However, many people feel that the London Games were overall a success, and provided a benefit to the city. This removal of industrial (secondary economic) activity had many negative impacts, including a spike in unemployment rates, dereliction and out-migration from town/ urban centres. The Olympic Village was converted into more than 2,800 flats in 11 residential plots, with spacious courtyards, gardens and balconies. The total cost of the 2012 Olympics was almost 10 billion. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Alfred Hugh Stratford (5 September 1853 - 2 May 1914) was an English sportsman who played first-class cricket for Middlesex and represented the England national football team. This made it an ideal location for putting up the park, especially since it was located only seven minutes from Central London. Everything you need for your studies in one place. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. . This is down to a few factors: With more and more people moving to rural areas, some regeneration may be needed. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/ott/overseas-travel-and-tourismmonthly-release/august-2012/index.html Also pretty strong, same basic source as above but with other links that might be useful. The Olympic stadium ended up costing almost 3 times more than initially estimated: 701 million. It involves University College London (UCL), the BBC, Sadler's Wells, the V&A (Victoria & Albert) and the London College of Fashion. 3 - Location of the Olympic Park Google Earth (2022). The area was then underdeveloped, and thus a well-suited place to construct the village. There was an increase in crime and vandalism. The waste and industrial land were cleaned. What was Stratford like after the decline? Outline the political, social, economic and environmental reasons why London was chosen for the 2012 Games. The five Host Boroughs surrounding the Olympic Park provided nearly a quarter of the workforce throughout the project. The idea was to leave a lasting legacy or impact not just for sport but for the urban area in the East of London. 1. Suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation happen for many reasons, including a mixture of push (factors persuading people to move out of a place) and pull (factors attracting people to another place) factors. It would not last long, however. Stratford became one of the most deprived communities in the UK, with low-income families and high unemployment. The improvements and upgrades made have made a lasting legacy impact. Transition away from dependence on non-renewable resources, and instead use renewable resources (e.g. This can negatively affect the environment (pollution), traffic (jams), and the availability of parking spaces. London won the final round, beating Paris by 54 votes to 50. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/olympic-delivery-authority-report Accessed 17 January 2018. [39], The Aquatics Centre after the games will include two 50-metre pools, a 25-metre diving pool and a fitness centre. Londoners living in the Stratford area vacated their homes to avoid the crowds . Economically, the Games occurred during the recovery from the global financial crisis of 2008-10, and many people felt that the approximate cost of GBP10bn to be too high, despite the lasting benefits to the environment and the future of the economy. Its 100% free. The 2012 Olympic Games, including the Paralympics, brought much-needed regeneration to certain parts of London. existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. Statford was a good place to choose for the Olympics because it is spacious and it has an effiecient transport system. However, both projects resulted in successful regeneration. For the most part, predictions showed that on event days, 78% of spectators were likely to travel from within London and only 22% from the rest of the UK and Europe. 300,000 plants were planted in the Olympic Parks wetland area. Waterways were improved so they would be suited for the new Olympic Park. I was pretty sure I wanted to go to the latter, but I needed Stanford as a backup. Explain what the legacy for the sports venues was? It was one of the most deprived communities of the UK, it had a high population density, low annual income, high unemployment, it had readily available waste and industrial lands for building, and it was located only 7 minutes from the City. Global Cities 2017. https://www.atkearney.com/global-cities/full-report Accessed 17 January 2018. It will bring more cars into the area, as people take their own car (or a hired car). Liveability can include how walkable or cyclable a place is. The area chosen for the games was the Lower Lea Valley, which included Stratford. Which 3 legacies were planned in the bidding process? via reusing and recycling). Prior to construction, the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA, 2015) excavated and cleaned more than 2.3 million cubic metres of contaminated soil. 1988: Piper Alpha oil rig ablaze. There is also the Westfield Stratford City shopping centre, the largest urban shopping mall in Europe. The first Join In weekend (encouraging volunteerism as the profile was increased from volunteers at the Olympics), in August 2012, featured over 6,000 events. The London Olympic Athletes Village is the largest sustainable homes project in the UK. 3 - Liveability can include how walkable or cyclable a place is. Organisers helped develop 45 hectares of habitat, with a 10-year ecological management plan to encourage biodiversity. The construction of all the buildings creates 1,500 jobs, with at least 30% of those for local residents. Olympics and their economic impact: Updated research roundup. The tables below show the social, economic, and environmental legacies' pros and cons. A town centre, like an urban area more generally, is a common place targeted by regeneration projects.